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India is home to a rich variety of forests that are essential for maintaining ecological balance, supporting biodiversity, and driving economic growth. Covering nearly a quarter of the country's total land area, India's forests range from tropical evergreen to dry deciduous, each playing a unique role in sustaining wildlife and livelihoods. However, rapid deforestation and land-use changes threaten these vital ecosystems, leading to alarming environmental consequences.
According to the Forest Survey of India, the country’s forest cover is vast, with different types of forests spread across the landscape. The most widespread are tropical moist deciduous forests , followed by tropical dry deciduous forests . Madhya Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh hold the largest forested areas, while northeastern states like Manipur and Mizoram have seen significant deforestation in recent years .
In recent years, India has experienced significant tree cover loss, making it one of the most affected countries globally . The primary causes of deforestation include agricultural expansion, logging, and urbanization, which continue to diminish forested regions .
A major yet often overlooked contributor to deforestation is the leather industry. The demand for cattle grazing land has led to extensive tree cover loss, with a significant portion of agricultural deforestation linked to cattle pastures . This practice not only destroys natural habitats but also displaces indigenous communities and increases carbon emissions, further accelerating climate change.
India's forests are at a critical juncture. Addressing deforestation requires implementing sustainable land-use policies, promoting reforestation efforts, and encouraging the adoption of eco-friendly alternatives, such as plant-based leather. Increased awareness and responsible consumption are crucial steps toward preserving India's rich forest heritage for future generations.
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